First, consider a simple backup (see section 1.4).
首先，考虑是否简单倒回（参见1.4章节）。
If a simple backup is not sufficient and the infraction falls into one or more of the following categories, and only into those categories, perform the appropriate partial fix:
如果简单倒回不足以完全修正，且违规属于下列某种情形或同属多种情形（但不得超出各情形规定之内容），则进行部分修正：
So right here we are going to have a list of partial fixes. Try to do a simple backup (see Backing Up 1.4 for more information about back ups) then, if you can’t, you can try to do a partial fix. If you cannot apply a simple backup or a partial fix you evaluate if you need to do a back up or leave alone. If the error fits more than one of these categories, it’s ok to partial fix, but be careful that the error only fits into those categories. If there are multiple fixes within the same bullet point, you're still fine to use that partial fix.
以下是部分修正的列表。首先试着进行简单倒回（关于倒回，详见1.4 倒回一节）；如果简单倒回不够，你可以试着执行部分修正。如果你既不能进行简单倒回、也不能执行部分修正，那么你可以考虑倒回或者保留当前状态不修正。如果失误属于一种类别以上，可以使用部分修正，但必须小心注意该失误只属于这些类别。如果在同一条目中满足了多个修正条件，你仍然可以使用这种部分修正。
• If a player forgot to untap one or more permanents at the start of their turn and it is still the same turn, untap them.
• 如果牌手在自己回合开始时忘记重置一个或数个永久物，并且当前依然是同一个回合，则重置它们。
Out-of-Order-Sequencing has always been a viable option when this type of situation arises, and it does so with some regularity. Players get excited, or simply lose focus and forget to untap everything before advancing into the turn. If that happens, we simply issue the warning and fix the mistake, by untapping those permanents now.|
发生这种情况时，判定为“次序不当的行事顺序”也是一个合适的选项，过去我们也一直这样做。在进入回合之前，牌手容易因为激动或者注意力不集中而忘记对场面进行重置。发生这种情况时，我们只需给予警告并通过重置本该重置的永久物来修正错误。
• If a player made an illegal choice (including no choice where required) for a static ability generating a continuous effect still on the battlefield, that player makes a legal choice.
• 如果某牌手为某个在战场上之静止式异能产生的持续性效应作出的选择不合法（包括在需要作选择时未如此作），则该牌手重新作出一个符合游戏规则的选择。
This partial fix refers to cards such as True-Name Nemesis, Voice of All or a Siege from Fate Reforged™, which require the choice of a player or color as they enter the battlefield. The reasoning for this is similar to why we apply state-based actions — it is impossible for these cards to exist on the battlefield without a choice being made for them, so we correct that immediately. While this could lead to the perception of advantage for one player, such errors always occur publicly, so it is in both player’s interest to be attentive.
这种部分修正是指像真名宿敌、万物使者或是龙命殊途™中的围攻牌，这些需要于其进场时选择牌手或颜色之类选项的牌。这样做的原因与我们执行状态动作的原因差不多——这些牌没有做出选择的话就无法进入战场，所以我们应当立刻纠正。虽然这可能会让人产生其中一个牌手会获得优势的看法，但错误是公开发生的，所以双方牌手都需要注意。
So, if Nick casts Doom Blade on Albert’s Voice of All, we can have Albert chose a color now. If Albert chooses Black, Doom Blade is now illegal. Then, we can do a simple backup to just before Doom Blade was cast.
如果Nick对Albert的万物使者施放送终刀锋，我们可以让Albert立即选择一个颜色。如果Albert选择了黑色，送终刀锋的施放便是非法的。然后我们便可以使用简易倒回，回到送终刀锋被施放之前的时刻。
• If a player failed to draw cards, discard cards, or return cards from their hand to another zone, that player does so.
• 如果某牌手未能抓牌、弃牌或忘记将牌从手上移至其他区域，则该牌手如此作。
Players will generally be able to determine with high accuracy if they failed to draw or discard cards.This also includes bounce. Note that this partial fix does not expire, even if the error was many turns ago.
牌手如果未能抓牌或者弃牌他们一般都能较为准确地确定。也包括回手类的效应。注意，这种部分修正没有时效限制，即使错误是数回合前发生的，也应执行修正。\\
• If an object is not in the correct zone, the exact object is still known to all players, and it can be moved with only minor disruption to the current state of the game, put the object in the correct zone. This only applies if the object being in the wrong zone is the Game Rule Violation, and not if it is the consequence of a different error.
• 如果一个物件处于错误的区域中，且该物件依然为所有牌手所知悉、移动此物件仅会对游戏当前状态造成轻微影响，则将该物件放入正确区域。此修正仅适用于，当“违反游戏规则”的问题本身，是由于有物件处于错误的区域中而产生的，而非因其他错误导致此类结果的情况。
There is a lot going on in this sentence, so let’s deconstruct it.-”Object in the incorrect zone due to a required zone change being missed” : This is for where a creature was supposed to die and didn’t, or a card was supposed to be milled and didn’t, Or a creature that is supposed to be bounced and isn't.
这句话很长，我们来一点一点消化它。“由于遗漏要求的区域改变…导致该物件所处的区域不正确”：生物本应死去但却没有死去，或者一张牌本应被磨掉但却没有，或者一个生物本应被移回手上却没有，都属于这种情况。
-”or due to being put into the wrong zone during a zone change”: Most commonly this is when a card is supposed to be put in the graveyard, but is put in exile, or vice versa.
“在改变某物件所处区域的过程中..将之置入错误区域”：最常见的情况是一张牌本来应该进坟场，但却放进了放逐区（或反过来）。严格来说这不包括磨牌库，原因如下一句所说。
-“the exact object is still known to all players”: This means that all players know what the object is. This could be because the card was revealed or it could be because the card is in a location known by both players such as the top of a library.
“该物件依然为所有牌手所知悉”：这说明所有牌手都知道这个物件是什么。这可能是因为这张牌被展示过，或是这张牌所在的位置双方牌手都知道，例如牌库顶。
-“and it can be moved with only minor disruption to the current game state”: Things disappearing from the battlefield tends to be disruptive. Be sure to look at what decisions and actions are currently being made based on that card being on the battlefield. If it’s a creature that should have died tucked in with the lands, removing it isn’t very disruptive- unless it’s a mana producer and it has been used as a land for a turn or three.
“移动此物件不会对游戏当前状态造成影响”：战场上的东西消失通常都会产生影响。请务必检查根据该物件在战场上这个信息，牌手正在作出什么决定。如果是一个混在地里面没有死去的生物，将其移动产生的影响不是很大——除非它是一个产费生物，且已经被当作地使用了一个或几个回合。
Additionally, this partial fix does NOT include fixing things that shouldn’t have moved but did. For example, a 4/4 with 3 damage is put into the graveyard, and later discovered that it shouldn’t have been. This partial fix does not include returning it to the battlefield.
此外，这种部分修正不适用于修正某物件本不应移动却移动了的情形。例如。一个4/4生物受到了3点伤害却被置入了坟墓场，稍后才发现它本来不应死去。这种部分修正不支持将它移回战场。
• If damage assignment order has not been declared, the appropriate player chooses that order.
• 如果未宣告伤害分配次序，对应牌手决定此顺序。
This is seldom relevant. Most times, when there are multiple blockers, it's clear what the intent is, and there is no real interaction. However, it can become relevant, and we now have this partial fix. Ned may get upset that Abe gets to declare blocking order in the middle of resolving spells; when it suddenly becomes relevant, however, most of the time it becomes relevant as a result of Ned casting a spell. If Ned is doing something that makes blocking order relevant, he cannot assume that whatever blocking order favors him the most is the correct one. He has the responsibility to clarify the ambiguity prior to it becoming relevant.
通常来说攻击者或阻挡者的次序都没什么用。绝大多数时候，有多个阻挡者时，牌手的意图都很明确，也没有实际互动。但是，这些次序有时可能会产生影响，因此也就有了这部分提及的修正方式。如果Abe可以在结算咒语的过程中宣告阻挡者的次序，Ned可能会很不高兴；但通常来说，正是因为Ned施放了某些咒语，阻挡者的次序才会突然对游戏有所影响。如果Ned想要做一些可能会让阻挡者次序产生影响的事情，他不能假设对手采用的就是对他最有利的那种次序。他有责任在做事情导致阻挡者次序产生影响之前首先厘清次序是什么。
For each of these fixes, a simple backup may be performed beforehand if it makes applying the fix smoother. Triggered abilities are generated from these partial fixes only if they would have occurred had the action been taken at the correct time.
对于以上各修正而言，如果能让修正更平滑，可以在此之前进行一次简易倒回。对于在部分修正中产生的触发式异能，只有在这些动作在正确的时间进行也会触发的情况下，才会在这些部分修正中产生。
A simple backup is backing up the last action completed (or one currently in progress) and is sometimes used to make another portion of the prescribed remedy smoother. A simple backup should not involve any random elements. Also while applying a partial fix consider the triggered abilities if they would have occurred while taking the action at the correct time.
简易倒回意指倒回上一个已完成的（或正在进行的）游戏动作，有时可用来使前述之修正的某一部分更加平滑。简易倒回不应涉及任何随机元素。另外，在执行部分修正时，应将在正确的时点作该动作时本应发生的触发式异能考虑在内。
Otherwise, a full backup may be considered or the game state may be left as is.
若属于其他情况，则可以考虑进行完整倒回，或保留当前游戏状态不做修正。
So, first we try to apply a simple back up; if not we look to see if any of the partial fixes apply, and if not, we either rewind or don't. Please see 1.4 Backing Up for information on if it‘s appropriate to back up.
所以，我们先试图执行简易倒回；如果简易倒回不能适用，再看看是否有任何一个部分修正能够适用，如果没有，我们可以选择是否倒回。关于如何确定倒回是否恰当的信息，请参阅IPG 1.4节。
If the game has proceeded past a point where an opponent could reasonably be expected to notice the error, the opponent has also committed an infraction. In most cases, the infraction is Game Play Error — Failure to Maintain Game State. However, if the judge believes that both players were responsible for the Game Rule Violation, such as due to the opponent controlling the continuous effect modifying the rules of the game that led to the Game Rule Violation or a player taking action based on another player’s instruction, they have instead committed a Game Play Error — Game Rule Violation. For example, if a player casts Path to Exile on an opponent’s creature and the opponent puts the creature into the graveyard, once the game has continued both players will have committed a Game Rule Violation.
如果对手没能在预期其能注意到失误的合理时间点前指出游戏行动失误，则对手也犯下违规。大多数情况下是“游戏行动失误～未维护游戏状态”。然而如果裁判认为双方牌手在本次违反游戏规则的过程中均有责任，例如是由于对手操控的改变游戏规则的持续性效应导致的，或是某位牌手根据另一位牌手的指示执行行动，则对手也犯下了“游戏行动失误～违反游戏规则”违规。例如，如果牌手向对手的生物施放流放之径/Path to Exile，且该对手将此生物放进坟墓场，一旦游戏继续进行则双方牌手均犯下“游戏行动失误～违反游戏规则”违规。
This is simply the definition of Game Play Error — Failure to Maintain Game State, and goes back to the concept that keeping the game in a legal and clear state is both players responsibility.
这就是游戏行动失误～未维护游戏状态的定义。它涉及的概念就是双方牌手都有责任去维护合法、清晰的游戏状态。
As always, both players are responsible for maintaining a clear game state. If my card tells you to take an action, and you do it incorrectly, who's fault is it? Yours for doing the action incorrectly, or mine for not making sure my spell resolved correctly? Turns out, in this case, it’s reasonable to say we are both equally at fault. Fundamentally if the judge thinks that both players share the responsibility for the error, because of replacement effects or both participating in the action, then both players receive this penalty.
一如既往地，双方牌手都有责任维护清晰的游戏状态。如果我的牌要求你做一个动作，而你做错了，那是谁的错？是你错误的动作还是我没有确保咒语正确结算？事实上，我们有理由说，在这种情况下双方都是有过错的。基本上，如果裁判认为两位牌手对失误都有责任，无论是因为替代性效应还是因为两人均参与了动作，两位牌手都会受到此判罚。