1.1 Definition of Penalties 各式处罚之定义

Warnings are used in situations of incorrect play when a small amount of time is needed to implement the corrective procedure. The purpose of a Warning is to alert judges and players involved that a problem has occurred and to keep a permanent record of the infraction. A time extension should be issued if the ruling has taken more than a minute.
警告使用于不正确的行动，且需要些许时间来执行修正的流程。
Warnings are typically issued when judges have to step in to correct a situation. The main purpose of warnings is to give ‘weight’ to the reminder to play more carefully. It’s written down and tracked, therefore it's significant, but it doesn’t need to be scary.
“警告”是在裁判介入修正问题时常见的处罚。其主要的意义在于给牌手更深的印象，让他们之后更小心些。它将被记录下来并追踪，所以它很重要，但是我们不需要让这件事显得很恐怖。
其目的是用来针对已产生的问题，警示相关裁判和牌手，并将此违规永久记录。
A Warning needs to be tracked and judges should write it down on the back of the result slips (if you are using them). Then the Scorekeeper will input the warning penalty into WER to let Wizards of the Coast track the infraction. Both the Scorekeeper and the player need to be aware of the penalty. Scorekeepers can notify you when a player is close to an upgrade, and players need to be aware of how many penalties they have.
“警告”需要被记录，裁判也应该将它写在成绩条的背面（如果使用成绩条的话）。记分员将会将这个警告处罚记录在WER内，上报给威世智来记录这次违规。记分员和被警告的牌手都应知道警告的内容。记分员可以在该牌手的判罚接近升级次数的时候提醒裁判，同时该牌手也需要知晓自己已经受到了几个判罚。
如果解释规则花费超过一分钟的时间，则要给予延长时间。
If fixing the game state has taken more than one minute, give a time extension equal to the time taken, unless the match is in extra turns. You did look at the clock before walking up to the table, right?
如果现在不是额外回合，且修正问题的时候用了一分钟以上的时间时，你需要为这桌补时。你在走向叫裁判的桌子的时候会看一眼时间，对吧？

A Game Loss ends the current game immediately and the player who committed the infraction is considered to have lost the game for the purpose of match reporting. The player receiving a Game Loss chooses whether to play or draw in the next game of that match, if applicable. If a Game Loss is issued before the match begins, neither player in that match may use sideboards (if the tournament uses them) for the first game they play.
一盘负处罚会立刻结束目前这一盘游戏，犯下此违规的牌手在对局纪录上会视为是输掉一盘。如果还有下一盘，则得到一盘负处罚的牌手选择下一盘是否要先手。如果在对局开始之前就得到一盘负处罚，则本盘游戏之所有牌手在第一盘开始之前都不能使用备牌（如果该比赛使用备牌的话）。
If a player gets a Game Loss, that game is over. Board position or “but they were going to lose anyway” doesn’t factor into the decision. The rest of this block tells us what to do for the next game. The player with the Game Loss… lost. So that player gets to decide if they play or draw in the next game in the match. However, if the Game Loss is issued before the first game, the players haven't actually played a game yet, so they don't get a chance to sideboard.
当一位牌手受到一盘负的处罚时，当前的游戏立刻结束。局面的情况或“反正他也要输了”的因素并不在考虑范围内。这段的剩下内容将告诉我们在该牌手接下来的盘中应该怎么做。那位牌手输了一盘，所以下一盘由他来决定先后手。然而如果在对局开始之前牌手得到了一盘负的判罚，牌手们都没有开始对局，所以他们不能在开始对局之前换备。

Game Losses are applied immediately if the game is still ongoing, or to the player’s next game if it is not, unless otherwise specified. If a player would receive multiple Game Losses at the same time, they only receive one. If simultaneous Game Loss penalties are issued to each player, they are recorded, but do not affect the match score.
一盘负处罚在游戏仍在继续的情况下立刻生效，否则对该牌手的下一盘游戏生效，除非特别说明。
The default time to apply a Game Losses is immediately. If there is no game going on, you apply the penalty to the next game that you can, even if its in a different match. However, there are a few infractions where the penalty specifically tells you to apply the penalty at a specific time. Mostly this is for a Decklist Problem discovered through decklist counting.
Game Losses typically apply to the games the infraction takes place in. However, some errors, most notably Deck/Decklist Problems for an improper list, can be assessed between rounds, and have the penalty apply to the next game.
默认情况下，一盘负在适用时会立即发生。如果当前没有进行对局，则该违规会适用到下一盘中，即使这一盘发生在另一局中。然而，有一些违规明确说明了判罚应在何时发生。这种情况最常见的就是在清点牌表上的张数时发现的套牌登记表问题。
如果牌手会在同一时间受到多个“一盘负”判罚，则其只会受到一个一盘负。
The infractions don’t have to happen at the same time; if you’re going to write two or more Game Losses on the match slip in one go you will only issue one. While relatively rare it is most likely to come up during a deck check, where multiple infractions could occur as part of the one check. Another scenario is handing a decklist in late, then before the round starts needing to fix the list because of mis-registering lands. A Game Loss is always a significant penalty, receiving 2 or more for infractions discovered at the same time essentially converts the penalty into a match loss which doesn’t fit the infractions. Although it may feel like the player is getting away with no penalty for the other infraction or infractions, they are still receiving the same penalty they would have for that infraction and they are all being recorded.
这些违规不一定非要在同时发生；只要你将在成绩条上一次写下两个一盘负，你就只会给出一个实际的一盘负处罚。虽然这种情况相对而言比较罕见，最可能的情况之一是在一次套牌检查时发生了多种不同的违规。另一种情形是牌表提交晚了，然后在一轮开始前因为填写的地数量不对又需要修改登记表。一盘负是较重的处罚，因同时发现的不同违规而一次获得2个或更多一盘负会导致判罚实际变成一局负，这与违规并不相称。虽然这可能让你感觉牌手的某些违规没有得到惩罚，牌手实际还是会得到与其违规相称的处罚，且都会被记录在案。 如果游戏中所有牌手同时受到一盘负之处罚，则此些“一盘负”处罚会记录在案，但不会影响当前对局的成绩。
This covers situations where both players have an illegal deck, or other similar circumstances. If we issue both players with a Game Loss penalty, only one game in the match will determine the winner and it’s always better for both players to play a complete match. To remedy this, you record both penalties, end the current game (if it is still being played) and both players continue to the next game. For the purpose of reporting the score, that specific game didn't happen.
这适用于两位牌手套牌都不合法等其他的情况。如果我们直接给出一人一个一盘负，那么一盘游戏就会决定这一盘的胜负，但对于两位牌手而言打完一个完整的对局总是更好的。为不让这种事情发生，你需要记录这两个判罚，结束当前这一盘游戏（如果问题出现的时候游戏还在进行的话），然后这两位牌手继续进行下一局。在录入成绩时，刚才那一盘视同不存在。

A Match Loss is a severe penalty that is usually issued when the match itself has been compromised.
一局负是严厉的处罚，通常用于对局本身被干扰的情况。
There are three infractions that result in a Match Loss penalty. Upgrading Tardiness; Outside Assistance and Unsporting Conduct – Major.
有三种违规会导致一局负：迟到（升级）、外来协助和举止违背运动道德～严重。
Note that it is possible for a match to become compromised but still continue such as if a spectator commits Outside Assistance.
注意，对局可能会受到干扰但仍然继续，例如一位旁观者犯下外来协助的情形。

Match Losses are applied to the match during which the offense occurred unless the offender’s match has already ended, in which case the penalty will be applied to that player’s next match.
一局负的处罚应该适用于发生违规的该对局，倘若违规牌手已经结束该对局，则应将一局负适用于相应牌手的下次对局。
If the match has already ended, apply the penalty to the next match.
如果这一局已经结束了，那么这个处罚将应用于下一局。

A Disqualification is issued for activity that damages the integrity of a tournament as a whole or for severe unsporting conduct.
取消资格判决用于伤害比赛之公正性，或是严重举止违背运动道德的行为。
Disqualifications (DQ) are for the most severe infractions. Don't feel bad about these. Remember, you don't give penalties. Players earn them.
取消资格（DQ）用来处理最严重的违规。你对此并不需要对此感到愧疚。记住，并不是因为你他们才得到判罚，而是他们自作自受。

The recipient of a Disqualification does not need to be a player in the tournament. They may be a spectator or other bystander.
并不是只有参与比赛的牌手才会得到取消资格的处罚。旁观者和其他观众都有可能。

Disqualification can occur without proof of action so long as the Head Judge determines sufficient information exists to believe the tournament’s integrity may have been compromised. It is recommended that the Head Judge’s report reflect this fact.
给予取消资格的处罚可以不需要行为上的证据，只要主审研判有明显的信息，足以相信此比赛的公正性可能受到损害即可。建议主审在报告中反应这个事实。
Magic events are not a court of law, nor an episode of CSI:Miami. You do not need a smoking gun or DNA evidence. The Head Judge does not need to prove that their decision is right, they just need sufficient information to justify it. However, if you disqualify without evidence, you need to record that as well. And the investigation committee still has the right to ask the Head Judge to explain why they thought the player should be disqualified.
万智牌赛事不是法院，也不是《犯罪现场调查》。你不需要凶器或者DNA鉴定结果。主审不用证明自己的决定是正确的，他只需要足够的信息来判定出一个结果。然而，如果你没有证据就将一个牌手取消资格，你需要在报告中提到这点。同时调查委员会有权利要求主审解释为何认为该牌手应该被取消资格。

When this penalty is applied, the player loses their current match and is dropped from the tournament. If a player has already received prizes at the time they are disqualified, that player may keep those prizes but does not receive any additional prizes or awards they may be due.
此处罚生效时，牌手输掉目前正在进行的该局，然后将牌手退出比赛。如果牌手在他被取消资格之前就已获得奖品，则他可以保留那些奖品，但不会再得到其他本来应得的奖品或奖赏。
When a player is disqualified from the tournament, their event is over. The results of the matches or games they have finished won’t be changed, and if the player has already received prizes prior to the Disqualification, they get to keep what has already been received. However, they are not given anything they are yet to receive. This is mainly to avoid the legal complications of “taking back” something that has already been given. It’s important to inform the player that they will not receive any pw points for the tournament.
当一位牌手被取消资格时，他的比赛就结束了。他所有之前完成的对局结果都不会被更改，如果那位牌手在被取消资格之前拿到了奖品，那么他可以保留它们。然而，他不会再拿到任何他还没收到的奖品。这主要是为了防止追回已经发出的奖品可能造成的法律问题。重要的一点是要告知牌手他们不会获得这场比赛的任何鹏洛客积分。

When a player is disqualified during a tournament, they are removed from the tournament and do not take up a place in the standings. This means that all players in the tournament will advance one spot in the standings and are entitled to any prizes the new standing would offer. If the Disqualification takes place after a cut is made, no additional players advance in place of the disqualified player although they do move up a spot in the standings. For example, if a player is disqualified during the quarterfinal round of a Magic Tabletop Mythic Qualifier, the former 9th place finisher does not advance into the single elimination top 8, but they do move into 8th place in the standings.
当比赛中有牌手被取消资格时，该牌手会被移出比赛，并且不会出现在比赛排名上。这代表排名比这些牌手低的选手，会因此在排名上前进一位，并获得新排名所应当给予的奖励。如果取消资格的处罚是发生在比赛赛程划分之后，则牌手虽然排名上有进位，但是不会递补来进行后续的比赛。例如，有位牌手在万智牌实体传奇资格赛的四分之一决赛中被判了取消资格，之前排名在第九名的牌手并不能加入八强的单淘汰赛中进行比赛，但是在最后的排名上会前进到第八名。
This paragraph is to tell judges (and players) what happens when a player is Disqualified. A very common question is “Well, now that a spot in the Top 8 is available, can 9th place get it?” The answer is: if it's after the cut, no you can't.
这告诉了裁判（与牌手），在一位牌手被取消资格之后将会发生什么。一个非常常见的问题：“现在八强里面出现了一个空位，第九名能算进八强么？”答案是：如果比赛赛程已经划分，那么不行。

Disqualifications should be reported here. Please include the Wizards Account email address of the disqualified player and that player’s opponent.
取消资格需要在这里上报，需包含被取消资格的牌手及其对手的威世智账号邮箱地址。
The link to the disqualification process has all the information on what needs to happen when a player is disqualified. There are links to documents and to the form that submits the disqualification report to the investigation committee.
这个取消资格流程的链接中包含了牌手被取消资格时所有需要做的事情的信息。其中有相关文件和表单的链接，用来向牌手调查委员会提交DQ报告使用。