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第一章 - 比赛基本要素 | 返回MTR目录 | 第三章 - 比赛规则

MTR 2. 比赛的各项机制

MTR 2.1 Match Structure 对局结构

A Magic match consists of a series of games that are played until one side has won a set number of games, usually two. Drawn games do not count toward this goal. If the round ends before a player has won the required number of games, the winner of the match is the player who has won the most games at that point. If both players have equal game wins, the match is a draw.
一局万智牌对局包含有一系列盘数的游戏,双方持续进行每盘游戏,直到有任何一方游戏获胜的盘数达到一定数量为止,通常此数量为二。以平局告终的游戏并不会计入此数量。 如果在本局对局时间终止之前,任一方牌手都未能赢下所需数量的游戏,则当时握有最多游戏获胜盘数的一方便为该局对局的胜利者。 若双方游戏获胜的盘数相同,该局对局结果为平局。

The Tournament Organizer may change the required number of games to be won for any portion of the tournament as long as this choice is announced before the tournament begins. Match results, not individual game results, are reported to the DCI for inclusion in Planeswalker Points.
比赛主办人可在比赛任意阶段中,变更任意一方要获得对局胜利所需的游戏获胜盘数,但此变更须在比赛开始前公布。 对局结果(而不是各盘游戏的结果)将送交DCI,以计算鹏洛客积分。

MTR 2.2 Play/Draw Rule 先手规则

For the first game of a match, a designated player - the winner of a random method (such as a die roll or coin toss) during Swiss rounds, or the player ranked higher at the end of Swiss rounds during playoff matches - chooses either to play first or to play second. He or she must state this choice before looking at his or her hand. If he or she states no choice, it is assumed that he or she is playing first. The player who plays first skips the draw step of his or her first turn. This is referred to as the play/draw rule.
每局对局的第一盘游戏由指定牌手决定哪方先手:若是在瑞士式对局期间,由随机方式(例如掷骰子或抛硬币)之胜利者决定;若是在决胜局期间,则是由瑞士式对局结束时排名较高的牌手决定。 该位牌手须在检视手牌之前确定相应的选择。若该牌手未置可否,则认为他选择先手。 先手的牌手略过他第一个回合的抓牌步骤。此规则称为「先手规则」。

After each game in a match, the loser of that game decides whether to play first in the next game. He or she may wait until after sideboarding to make the decision. If the previous game was a draw, the player who decided to play or draw at the beginning of the drawn game chooses.
在对局中的每盘游戏之后,输掉该盘游戏的人决定自己下盘是否先手。此决定可在更换完备牌后作出。如果某盘游戏以平局告终,则由决定该盘先后手的牌手来选择自己在下盘游戏中是否先手。

MTR 2.3 Pregame Procedures 游戏前程序

The following steps must be performed in a timely manner before each game begins:
在每盘游戏开始前,必须执行下列步骤,且须以合理的耗时完成之:

1. If sideboarding is allowed, players may remove cards from their decks and add cards from their sideboards.
1. 如果本盘游戏允许更换备牌,则牌手可以从套牌中去掉原有牌张,并将备牌中的牌加入套牌。
2. Players shuffle their decks. Steps 1 and 2 may be repeated.
2. 双方牌手洗自己的套牌。步骤 1 和步骤 2 可重复进行。
3. Players present their decks to their opponents for additional shuffling. The sideboard (if any) is also presented at this time.
3. 双方牌手将套牌呈视于对手,以让对手进行额外的洗牌。此时牌手也需将自己的备牌(若有)呈视于对手,以示数量正确。
4. The appropriate player must decide whether to play first or second at this point, if he or she hasn't done so already (see section 2.2).
4. 若相关牌手尚未决定自己是先手还是后手,则他需在此时决定(参见第2.2节)。
5. Each player draws seven cards. Optionally, these cards may be dealt face down on the table.
5. 每位牌手抓七张牌。牌手可以选择先将这七张牌以面朝下的方式发到桌面上。
6. Each player, in turn order, may take mulligans. (Rules on mulligans can be found in the Magic Comprehensive Rules, rule 103.4). If a player takes a mulligan, they shuffle again and repeat the presentation process described above.
6. 每位牌手可以依照回合顺序来进行再调度。(关于再调度的规则,请参阅《万智牌完整规则》规则 103.4)如果牌手进行再调度,则他需再次洗牌并重复执行上述之呈视流程。

The game is considered to have begun once all players have completed taking mulligans. Pregame procedures may be performed before time for the match has officially begun.
一旦所有牌手的再调度均进行完毕,便视作双方已开始此盘游戏。于主办人为该局对局所指定的时间正式开始之前,便可以执行游戏前程序。

MTR 2.4 Conceding or Intentionally Drawing Games or Matches 认输或约和游戏(对局)

If a game or match is not completed, players may concede or mutually agree to a draw in that game or match. A match is considered complete once the result slip is filled out or, if match slips are not being used, a player leaves the table after game play is finished. Until that point, either player may concede to or draw with the other, though if the conceding player won a game in the match, the match must be reported as 2-1. Intentional draws where no games were played are always reported as 0-0-3 or by using the “draw” button (0-0) in Wizards Event Reporter (WER).
如果游戏或对局尚未完成,双方牌手均可以认输,放弃该盘游戏或该局对局,也可以经双方同意后约定该盘游戏或该局对局以平局告终。 在出现下列两种情形之一,便视为对局已结束:成绩条已填妥;或(若未使用成绩条)有牌手在比赛进程终结后离开了游戏桌。 直到上述认为对局已结束的时点之前,游戏双方均可以向对方认输或提出约和;但是,如果认输的牌手曾在该局中赢过一盘,则此局比赛必须以2-1的结果上报。未进行过游戏即约和的对局一律以 0-0-3 的成绩,或使用威世智比赛回报软件(WER)中的「平局」按钮(0-0)回报。

Players may not agree to a concession or draw in exchange for any reward or incentive. Doing so will be considered Bribery (see section 5.2).
牌手不得以认输或约和来换取奖励或报酬。以认输或约和来换取奖励或报酬的举动会被视为「贿赂」(请参见第 5.2 节)。

If a player refuses to play, it is assumed that he or she has conceded the match.
如果有牌手拒绝进行比赛,则视为该牌手此局认输。

MTR 2.5 End-of-Match Procedure 对局结束程序

If the match time limit is reached before a winner is determined, the player whose turn it is finishes their turn and five additional turns are played in total. This usually means that one player takes three turns and the other two, but a player taking extra turns may affect this. If the active player has already indicated that they’d like to pass the turn when the time limit is reached, that is considered to be in their opponent’s next turn.
如果在确定对局胜利者之前,该对局的时间限制便已达到,则当正在进行回合的牌手结束他的回合后,双方再进行总共五个延长回合。 通常情况下,其中一方牌手得以进行三个回合,另一方得两个,但若有牌手能进行额外回合时则会改变这种情况。如果在达到对局时间限制时,主动牌手已表明要让过回合,则视作已进入对手的下一个回合。

Team tournaments featuring multiple players playing together (such as Two-Headed Giant) use three turns instead of five.
在由多位牌手共同参加的团队比赛(如双头巨人赛)中,延长进行的回合数为三个,而不是五个。

Once time is called, no new games should begin.
宣告本局时间终了之后,不得开始新一盘的游戏。

If the game is incomplete at the end of additional turns, the game is considered a draw.
若在延长进行的回合结束后,游戏仍未完成,则认为该盘游戏是平局。

If a judge assigned a time extension (because of a long ruling, deck check, or other reason) the end-of-match procedure does not begin until the end of the time extension.
如果裁判给予了时间延长(由于长时间的判罚、套牌检查或其他原因),则对局结束程序在给予的时间延长结束后方才开始。

In single-elimination rounds, matches may not end in a draw. If all players have equal game wins at the end of additional turns, the player with the highest life total wins the current game. In the event all players have equal life totals (or are between games and the game wins are tied), the game/match continues with an additional state-based action: if a player does not have the highest life total, he or she loses the game. Two-Headed Giant teams are treated as a single player for determining a game winner.
在单淘汰赛制中,对局不会以平局收场。 若进行完延长回合后,双方牌手的游戏获胜盘数相同,则在当前游戏中,生命值最高的牌手获得该游戏的胜利。若出现双方牌手生命值相同的情况(或对局正处于两场游戏之间,且双方牌手游戏获胜盘数相同的情况),则游戏/对局会以附加下述之状态动作的情况下继续:“若某牌手的总生命并非当前对局中的最高者,则他输掉此盘游戏”。在双头巨人赛中判断对局胜利者时,将双方的团队视作单一牌手进行处理。

MTR 2.6 Time Extensions 时间延长

If a judge pauses a match for more than one minute while the round clock is running, he or she should extend the match time appropriately. If the match was interrupted to perform a deck check, players are awarded time equal to the time the deck check took plus three minutes.
若有裁判在本局尚在计时的情况下暂停对局超过了一分钟,该裁判须相应地延长比赛时间。 如果因进行套牌检查需中断对局,则双方牌手获得等同于套牌检查用时再加上三分钟的时间。

Feature matches at a tournament with online coverage receive a time extension equal to three minutes plus time elapsed in the round when players reach their table. This is not necessary if feature matches are being timed separately.
进行在线转播之比赛的焦点对局会有时间延长,其延长时间为三分钟加上对局牌手来到对局桌边就座时已经过的时间。如果焦点对局单独计时,则不需延长时间。

Certain slow play penalties add turns rather than a time extension. These additional turns are added to the end-of- match additional turns.
某些游戏进行过慢之惩罚会采取增加回合数的方式来执行。此类递补的回合会增加在对局结束程序所延长的回合之后。

MTR 2.7 Deck Registration 套牌登记

Players are required to register their decks and sideboards (if applicable) in Competitive and Professional Rules Enforcement Level tournaments. The Head Judge may require registration in Regular Rules Enforcement Level tournaments.
在「竞争」和「专业」级别的比赛中,牌手需要将他们的套牌和备牌(如果有的话)登记在案。主审亦可以在「一般」级别的比赛中要求套牌登记。

Registered decklists record the original composition of each deck and sideboard (if applicable). Once your decklist has been accepted by a Tournament Official it may not be altered.
登记在案的套牌登记表中记录了每份套牌及其备牌(如果有的话)原本的内容组成。一旦套牌登记表已被比赛工作人员接收,牌手便不得对其套牌登记表进行修改。

In Constructed tournaments, decklists must be submitted to a tournament official prior to the start of round 1, even if the player has an awarded bye for that round.
在构组赛中,牌手须在第一局比赛开始之前将牌表交至比赛工作人员处,就算该牌手此局轮空亦是如此。

In Limited tournaments, decklists must be submitted prior to the start of the first round in which that player participates and does not have an awarded bye.
在限制赛中,牌手须在自己未获轮空、亲自参加的首局比赛开始之前将牌表交至比赛工作人员处。

Players have the right to request to see their decklist between matches. Such a request will be honored if logistically possible.
牌手有权在两局对局之间请求查看自己的套牌登记表。倘若行事上可为,便可予之查看。

Generally, decklists are not public information and are not shared with other players during a tournament. At Professional Rules Enforcement Level tournaments (Magic Tabletop Mythic Championship, World Championship, and Grand Prix), copies of opponents’ decklists will be provided to players in the single-elimination playoffs.
通常情况下,套牌登记表不属于公开信息,在比赛过程中不会对其它的牌手开放阅览。在专业级别比赛中(实体万智牌传奇锦标赛、世界冠军赛及大奖赛)中,对手之套牌登记表将会提供给参加单淘汰决胜阶段的牌手查阅。

MTR 2.8 Deck Checks 套牌检查

Deck checks must be performed at all Competitive and Professional Rules Enforcement Level tournaments, and the Head Judge has the option to perform deck checks at Regular Rules Enforcement Level tournaments. At least ten percent of all decks should be checked over the course of the tournament.
在所有「竞争」或「专业」级别的比赛中都要进行套牌检查,主审亦可选择在「一般」级别的比赛中进行套牌检查。整个比赛期间至少应对所有参赛套牌的百分之十进行检查。

A full deck check should not be performed if a player has drawn an opening hand and potentially made mulligan decisions.
如果牌手已经抓好了起手的牌(可能会选择进行再调度),就不应进行完整的套牌检查。

MTR 2.9 Appeals to the Head Judge 向主审申诉

If a player disagrees with a judge’s ruling, he or she may appeal the ruling to the Head Judge.
如果牌手不同意裁判的判决,他可就该判决向主审申述。

In larger, Premier-level tournaments (such as Grand Prix and Magic Tabletop Mythic Championships), with prior approval, the Head Judge may designate additional Appeals Judges who are also empowered to hear appeals. They will be wearing the same uniform as the Head Judge.
于大型的重要比赛级别比赛当中(比如大奖赛或实体万智牌传奇锦标赛),在事前取得许可的情况下,主审可指定额外的申诉裁判,此类裁判也具有受理申诉之权利。申诉裁判穿着的制服与主审相同。

Players may not appeal before the full ruling is made by the responding Floor Judge. Rulings made by the Head Judge or designated Appeals Judges are final.
牌手不得在受其呼唤而来的巡场裁判做出完整判决之前即向主审申述。主审或指定的申述裁判做出的判决为最终判决。

MTR 2.10 Dropping from a Tournament 退出比赛

Players may drop from a tournament at any time. If a player drops from a tournament before the first round of play has started, he or she is considered to have not participated in the tournament and will not be listed in the finish order nor receive participation Planeswalker Points. Players choosing to drop from a tournament must inform the Scorekeeper by the means provided for that tournament before the pairings for the next round are generated. Players wanting to drop after the Scorekeeper begins pairing for the next round will be paired for that round. If a player does not show up for his or her match, he or she will be automatically dropped from the tournament unless they report to the Scorekeeper. Players that repeatedly and/or intentionally drop from tournaments without informing the scorekeepers of those tournaments may be the subject of penalties up to and including suspension.
牌手随时可自比赛中退出。如果某牌手在比赛第一局开始之前便退出,则该牌手便会被视作未参加本次比赛,不会在比赛的最终排名中列出,亦不会获得鹏洛客积分的参赛分数。 选择退出比赛的牌手必须在下一局的配对完成前,以当次比赛提供的方式通知记分员。 在记分员开始为下一局配对后才提出想要退出比赛的牌手会在该局中被配对。 若牌手并未出现在他们的比赛座位上,且未向记分员报到,则该牌手便会视作自动退赛。若牌手屡次和/或故意未通报比赛记分员便擅自离场退赛,则该牌手有可能会受到处罚,最严厉者可被处以停权。

Players who drop during limited tournaments own the cards that they correctly have in their possession at that time. This includes any unopened or partially drafted boosters.
自限制赛制比赛中退出的牌手拥有他们当前持有的所有卡牌。这包括未开封或已在轮抽过程中使用的补充包。

If a player drops from a tournament after a cut has been made, such as a cut to the top 8 playoff in a Grand Prix tournament, no other player is advanced as a replacement. The highest ranked remaining player receives a bye for the round instead.
如果牌手在分划赛程之后才退出比赛(例如在万智牌大奖赛中分划至八强决赛之后才退出比赛)则不会有牌手能递补进八强来替代其席位。剩余牌手之中排名较高者该局获得一个轮空。

Players who have dropped may reenter a tournament at the discretion of the Head Judge. Players may not reenter a portion of the tournament that requires a deck built during a construction period that the player missed. Players may not reenter a tournament after any cut has been made.
主审在斟酌后,可允许已退赛的牌手重新参加比赛。若比赛有要求牌手使用自己组建的套牌参赛的部分,且该牌手未参加该次套牌组建,则牌手不得重新参加该部分的比赛。牌手不得在赛程分划之后重新参加比赛。

Players may not drop from a tournament in exchange for or influenced by the offer of any reward or incentive. Doing so is considered Bribery (see section 5.2).
牌手不得以退赛此举动来换取对方给予的报酬或奖励,亦不得在对方给予报酬或奖励的诱惑下做出退赛的决定。在此两种情形下的退赛会被视作「贿赂」行为(请参见第 5.2 节)。

MTR 2.11 Taking Notes 作笔记

Players are allowed to take written notes during a match and may refer to those notes while that match is in progress. At the beginning of a match, each player’s note sheet must be empty and must remain visible throughout the match. Players do not have to explain or reveal notes to other players. Judges may ask to see a player’s notes and/or request that the player explain his or her notes.
牌手可在对局当中进行笔头记录,并可在对局进行过程中参考该些记录。在一局对局开始的时候,每位牌手用于做笔记的纸都应是空白的,且应在整个比赛过程中保持可见。 牌手不需对其它牌手解释或展示笔记内容。裁判可请求参阅牌手的笔记和/或要求该牌手解释其笔记内容。

Players may not refer to other notes, including notes from previous matches, during games.
在游戏进行的过程当中,牌手不得参考其他笔记,包括牌手于此前的对局中所作的笔记。

Between games, players may refer to a brief set of notes made before the match. They are not required to reveal these notes to their opponents. These notes must be removed from the play area before the beginning of the next game. Excessive quantities of notes (more than a sheet or two) are not allowed and may be penalized as slow play.
在两盘游戏之间,牌手可查阅在本局对局之前所作的简短笔记。牌手不需向对手展示这些笔记。在下盘游戏开始之前,牌手须将该些笔记收好,不得在游戏区域范围内出现。 牌手不得参阅过量的笔记(如超过一两张纸的笔记),否则可能会以「游戏进行过慢」加以处罚。

The use of electronic devices to take and refer to notes is permitted at Regular Rules Enforcement Level (see section 2.12).
在执法严格度为一般级别的比赛中,牌手可利用电子设备来记录或阅读笔记(参见第 2.12 节)。

Players and spectators (exception: authorized press) may not make notes while drafting. Players may not reference any outside notes during drafting, card pool registration, or deck construction.
牌手和旁观者(经授权的媒体除外)不得于轮抽期间进行笔头记录。 牌手不得在轮抽、牌池登记或构组套牌的过程中参阅外部笔记。

Players may refer to Oracle text at any time. They must do so publicly and in a format which contains no other strategic information. Consulting online sources, such as gatherer.wizards.com, is allowed at Regular Rules Enforcement Level even if they contain a small amount of strategic information. If a player wishes to view Oracle text in private, he or she must ask a judge.
牌手可随时参阅 Oracle 牌张参考文献。在参阅此类文献时,牌手须于公开的场合进行之,且所参阅之文献形式不得含有其他战术信息。 在执法严格度为一般级别的比赛中,牌手可查询线上资源(例如gatherer.wizards.com)。如果牌手想要私下查阅 Oracle 的叙述,则必须询问裁判。

Artistic modifications to cards that indirectly provide minor strategic information are acceptable. The Head Judge is the final arbiter on what cards and notes are acceptable for a tournament.
可间接透露细微战术信息的艺术加工可以出现在牌面上。 主审在确定哪类牌张及笔记可于比赛中使用方面拥有最终决定权。

MTR 2.12 Electronic Devices 电子设备

At Competitive and Professional Rules Enforcement Level during drafting, deck construction, and playing of matches, players may not use electronic devices capable of taking and storing notes, communicating with other people, or accessing the internet (except for taking brief personal calls with the opponent's permission).
在执法严格度为竞争及专业级别的比赛中,于轮抽、套牌构组,以及对局进行期间,牌手不得使用具备下列功能的电子设备:记录并储存笔记,与他人通讯,或访问互联网(得到对手同意后进行简短私人通话的情况不在此限。)。

At Regular Rules Enforcement Level, electronic devices are permitted, but players may not use them to access information that contains substantial strategic advice or information about an opponent's deck. Device use during a match other than brief personal calls must be visible to all players. Players wishing to view information privately on electronic devices during matches must request permission from a judge.
在执法严格度为一般级别的比赛中,牌手可使用电子设备,但不得用其来访问含有详尽策略建议或有关对手套牌之信息。 除简短接听电话外,牌手在对局过程中使用电子设备时应公开进行。希望在对局过程中私下使用电子设备查看信息的牌手须事前获得裁判的许可。

The Head Judge or Tournament Organizer of a tournament may further restrict or forbid the use of electronic devices during matches.
比赛主审或比赛主办人可进一步限制,甚或禁止对局过程中电子设备的使用。

MTR 2.13 Video Coverage 视频转播

Some Competitive and Professional Rules Enforcement Level tournaments use video for live streaming or replay broadcast of matches. Players may decline to appear on camera; however, players in the playoff matches of Professional Rules Enforcement Level tournaments may not decline to appear on camera. Video commentators are considered spectators for the purpose of the tournament, but may talk during the match as long as they can’t be heard by players being covered. They are responsible for behaving respectfully to all tournament participants during coverage.
一些「竞争」级别及「专业」级别的比赛会将实时视频用于网络现场直播或对局过程回放。牌手可拒绝被摄入镜头;但参加专业级别执法严格度比赛之决胜局阶段比赛的牌手不得拒绝出镜。 虽然从比赛职责划分的角度而言,视频评述员亦属于该场比赛的旁观者,但只要他们所言不为牌手听闻,他们在对局进行期间也可以用言语对牌手比赛的流程进行评论。在转播期间,视频评述员应尊重每一位参赛人员。

Spectators are also permitted to record matches provided that they do so unobtrusively.
在举止不过分夸张的情况下,旁观者也可以记录对局进行过程。

The Head Judge of a World Championship, or Magic Tabletop Mythic Championship tournament may, in their sole discretion, use video replay to assist in making rulings during a match. Video replays may not be used to assist in making rulings in tournaments other than a World Championship, or Magic Tabletop Mythic Championship tournament. Players may not request that a judge consult a video replay. Video replays may also be used for investigative purposes at a later time.
世界冠军赛或实体万智牌传奇锦标赛的主审可根据自身判断借助视频回放来辅助自己在对局过程中进行判罚。在世界冠军赛或实体万智牌传奇锦标赛之外的比赛中,不得使用视频回放来协助进行判罚。牌手不得要求裁判参考视频回放。在比赛结束之后,若系调查需要,也可利用视频回放进行。